Family vocabulary in Dutch covers immediate and extended family with precision. Core family: de vader (father), de moeder (mother), de ouders (parents), de broer (brother), de zus (sister), de opa/grootvader (grandfather), de oma/grootmoeder (grandmother), de oom (uncle), de tante (aunt), de neef (nephew/male cousin), de nicht (niece/female cousin), het kind (child), de zoon (son), de dochter (daughter).
Extended and in-law family: de schoonvader (father-in-law), de schoonmoeder (mother-in-law), de zwager (brother-in-law), de schoonzus (sister-in-law), de stiefvader (stepfather), de stiefmoeder (stepmother), de halfbroer/halfzus (half-brother/half-sister), de pleegouders (foster parents), de adoptieouders (adoptive parents). Note that neef covers both nephew and male cousin — context distinguishes them.
Relationship vocabulary: de partner (partner), de vriend/vriendin (boyfriend/girlfriend — or just friend; context clarifies), de echtgenoot/echtgenote (husband/wife — formal), de man/vrouw (husband/wife — informal), verloofd (engaged), getrouwd (married), gescheiden (divorced), weduwe/weduwnaar (widow/widower). Family is a universal conversation topic — mastering this vocabulary lets you participate meaningfully in introductory conversations from your first week.