Banking vocabulary: de bank (bank), de bankrekening (bank account), de betaalrekening (current/checking account), de spaarrekening (savings account), het saldo (balance), de pin (PIN — also the verb for paying by card: pinnen), het rekeningnummer (account number), de IBAN (IBAN — used across the EU), de overschrijving (bank transfer), de automatische incasso (direct debit), de rente (interest rate), de hypotheek (mortgage).
Taxes and government finance: de belasting (tax), de inkomstenbelasting (income tax), de omzetbelasting or btw (VAT — belasting over de toegevoegde waarde), de aangifte (tax return/declaration), de Belastingdienst (Dutch tax authority), de toeslagen (benefits/allowances — such as huurtoeslag for rent, zorgtoeslag for healthcare), DigiD (the digital identity system used for all Dutch government services). The Dutch tax system is complex but has many allowances.
Personal finance: de verzekering (insurance), de zorgverzekering (health insurance — mandatory in the Netherlands), het eigen risico (healthcare deductible — the amount you pay before insurance kicks in), de pensioenfonds (pension fund), de uitkering (benefit/allowance), de werkloosheidsuitkering (unemployment benefit — WW), de bijstand (social assistance). Key concept: in the Netherlands everyone must have zorgverzekering — uninsured residents are fined. Zorgtoeslag helps lower-income residents cover the cost.