Quantifiers tell you how much or how many. Key Dutch quantifiers: veel (much/many), weinig (little/few), genoeg (enough), te veel (too much/many), te weinig (too little/few), alle (all), elk/ieder (each/every), sommige (some), enkele (a few), meeste (most). These interact with noun countability: veel water (much water — uncountable) vs. veel mensen (many people — countable).
Alle (all) requires a noun with a definite article: “alle boeken” (all the books), “alle mensen” (all people). Elk/ieder (each/every) is used with singular countable nouns: “elk kind” (every child), “iedere dag” (every day — note ieder inflects like an adjective). Sommige (some) and enkele (a few) are used with countable plural nouns: “sommige mensen” (some people), “enkele boeken” (a few books).
Genoeg (enough) is flexible — it can precede or follow the noun: “genoeg tijd” or “tijd genoeg” (enough time — both correct). Veel and weinig do not take the adjective -e ending when used as quantifiers directly before a noun without an article: “veel boeken” not “vele boeken” in everyday speech (though vele appears in formal/literary Dutch). Learning these quantifiers with their specific noun agreement rules prevents a common class of intermediate errors.